As data centers and other large load customers seek to connect to California’s power grid, the California Public Utilities Commission (Commission) is rethinking how—and when—those customers should be refunded for costly transmission infrastructure upgrades.

Historically, distribution-level interconnection customers paid up front and received swift refunds under PG&E’s Base Annual Revenue Calculation (BARC) methodology. But the…

On October 13, 2025, the California Independent System Operator (CAISO) released its Draft Final Proposal for Interconnection Process Enhancements (IPE) 5.0—continuing its multi-year effort to modernize and streamline the interconnection process for new energy resources. The proposed reforms build on lessons learned from Cluster 15, previous IPE tracks, and stakeholder feedback.

Highlights of CAISO’s…

Update: Governor Newsom signed the Pathways Bill into law on September 19, 2025.

On September 13, 2025, Assembly Bill (AB) 825, titled the Independent System Operator: Independent Regional Organization Act, passed the California state Senate on a 34-0 vote, and a 74-1 approval in the Assembly.[1] The bill now heads to the Governor’s…

December 9, 2025 Update: Following the D.C. Circuit’s September ruling, parties opted not to seek panel rehearing or en banc review. The deadline to petition the U.S. Supreme Court for certiorari expired on December 8, 2025, without any petitions for cert filed, thereby ending the potential for appeals of the decision.

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On September 9…

Klickitat County, Washington has proposed a new land use ordinance that, if passed, would impose sweeping restrictions on nearly all solar and battery energy storage system (BESS) development in the county. The ordinance, currently under review by the Planning Commission and Board of Commissioners, would apply to all utility-scale solar and BESS projects, including both…

By Ariel Stavitsky, Emily Schimelpfenig, and Sudha Basu[1]

For nearly a decade, tension has grown in Oregon between the desire for agricultural and wildlife conservation and the desire for renewable energy development. In 2023, the Oregon Legislature passed House Bill 3409, directing the Land Conservation and Development Commission (LCDC), the body that administers the…

The California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC or Commission) has launched a new rulemaking to update Electric Tariff Rule 21 (Rule 21). This proceeding was initiated through an Order Instituting Rulemaking (OIR) adopted at the August 14, 2025 CPUC voting meeting, and seeks to modernize interconnection procedures in response to the rapid evolution of Distributed Energy…

Background

On August 7, 2025, the California Supreme Court issued its decision in Center for Biological Diversity, Inc. v. Public Utilities Commission (Cal., Aug. 7, 2025, No. S283614), 2025 WL 2253765 (Center for Biological Diversity). The case centers around the Net Energy Metering program, updated by the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) in…

On August 4, 2025, U.S. Department of Interior Deputy Chief of Staff-Policy Gregory Wischer issued a memorandum directing the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to take multiple actions related to the Service’s eagle permitting program under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (BGEPA). The memo, which was posted to X by Interior Secretary Doug…